What is Interferential Therapy (IFT)?
IFT is the application of medium-frequency electrical currents that intersect within the patient’s tissues, resulting in a low-frequency current that penetrates deeper into the tissues. It functions by reducing pain, relaxing muscles and increasing circulation.
How does it function?
These mechanisms contribute to the efficacy of Interferential Therapy:
1. Pain Modulation: IFT stimulates sensory nerve fibres, which promotes the release of endorphins and modulates the transmission of pain signals, thereby decreasing pain perception.
2. Muscle Relaxation: IFT’s electrical stimulation induces muscle contractions, resulting in muscle relaxation and a decrease in muscle spasms.
3. Increased Circulation: IFT promotes vasodilation, thereby increasing local blood flow and facilitating the delivery of oxygen and nutrients to the tissues as well as aiding in the elimination of waste products.
Who can benefit from Interferential Therapy?
Interferential Therapy has been demonstrated to be effective in treating a variety of conditions, including:
- Acute and chronic pain management, including low back pain, osteoarthritis, and fibromyalgia.
- Musculoskeletal ailments, such as sprains, strains, and sports injuries.
- Edema and swelling reduction.
- Muscle conditioning and strengthening.
Studies supporting the effectiveness of IFT include:
- A systematic review published in the Journal of Physical Therapy Science in 2016 demonstrated that IFT significantly reduced pain and enhanced functional outcomes in patients with knee osteoarthritis.
- According to a second study published in the Journal of Manipulative and Physiological Therapeutics in 2014, combining IFT with spinal manipulative therapy led to greater pain reduction and enhanced function in patients with chronic low back pain.
Note: Electrotherapy modalities, such as Interferential Therapy, NMES, TENS, and Ultrasound, play an important role in physiotherapy by alleviating pain, promoting tissue regeneration, and enhancing muscle function. These electrotherapy techniques continue to advance patient care and aid in recovery, based on a firm body of evidence. Please note that although these electrotherapy modalities have demonstrated efficacy, it is essential to consult a qualified healthcare professional or physiotherapist for individualized advice and treatment options.